The molecules of water have extensive hydrogen bonds resulting in unusual properties in the condensed form. 30 degrees Dissolved CO2 concentration is low near the ocean surface due to _____ photosynthesis What is the main factor that controls the pH of seawater? The temperature and salinity ranges are 0 - 120 C . Many properties of seawater, such as density,. CO2 Dissolved CO2 concentration is high near the ocean bottom due to decay What happens when a salt is dissolved in the water? The physical and chemical properties of seawater vary according to latitude, depth, nearness to land, and input of fresh water. Molarity = moles per litre of solution = M Water, Water, Everywhere Over 70% of our world is covered by water, but this water is salt water! The physical and chemical seawater data results collected in front of the Marine Science Station during the year 2006 are shown on Table 3.7). The basic properties of seawater and their distribution, the interchange of properties between sea and atmosphere or land, the transmission of energy within the sea, and the geochemical laws which are governing the composition of seawater and marine sediments, are the fundamental aspects studied in the subject oceanography. 1. Occurs in three states. OCN 623 - Chemical Oceanography Salt dissolved in ocean water alters the properties of water Freezing point of seawater is ~ -1.8C Density continually increases to freezing point Drives the circulation mode of the oceans -completely different from freshwater in lakes Molar units 1. The remaining 0.73% comprises trace amounts of bromide, borate, bicarbonate, strontium, and fluoride. Seawater properties like density, saturation pressure, specific heat, electrical conductivity and absolute viscosity. Seawater can have different amount of concentration based on its geographical location, depth, temperate and so on. Seawater also contains various dissolved atmospheric gases, chiefly nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide. The properties given by these codes are those needed for design of thermal and membrane desalination processes. . Water (or H 2 0) is a molecule composed of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms attached together with a chemical bond (energy that holds atoms together). 803 Views Download Presentation. Uploaded on Nov 16, 2012. For instance, although seawater contains about 2.8 times more bicarbonate than river water, the percentage of bicarbonate in seawater as a ratio of all dissolved ions is far lower than in river water. Chemical reactions that take place in seawater can be attributed to the solvent properties of water, ion- water and ion-ion interactions. Compared to the other atmospheric gases, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in saturated seawater is unusually large. The density (specific gravity) of seawater ranges from 1.020 to 1.030 kg per liter (or grams per cubic centimeter). Chemical properties of seawater. Become familiar with the basic chemical and physical properties of seawater 2. Chemical properties of seawater. However, most of ocean has the salinity level of 35%. Temperature, salinity and density. What are some ways that we can take the salt out or desalinate the sea water to provide plentiful freshwater? The most obvious property of seawater is its high salinity. Water is a universal solvent. This also leads to high melting and boiling points. Chemical properties of water. This research investigated physical (temperature, salinity, and density) and chemical (dissolved oxygen, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and silicate) properties of offshore seawater in the Red Sea northern Gulf of Aqaba; Jordanian Site were measured during 2013-2015 to assess the temporal and seasonal variation of the upper 400 m of the water column. In short, seawater has some basic chemical properties based on its containment. However, when we collect small samples of ocean water break down the chemical formula into its elemental properties, we can see that seawater is as follows: Oxygen - 86% Hydrogen - 11% Chloride (Cl) - 2% Magnesium (MG 2) - 1% Sodium (NA) - 1% Calcium (CA 2) - 0.04% Sulfur - 0.1% Potassium (K) - 0.04% Carbon - 0.003% Bromine - 0.007% The electrical conductivity of seawater ranges from 44,000 to 58,000 mhos/cm (or S/cm) with an average of about 50,000 mhos/cm. Seawater density and salinity increases with decreasing temperature and with depth where the highest densities are the result of pressure. The salt makes the water heavier which means it can support heavier objects more than a lighter liquid can , causing it to float . They are given as functions of temperature, pressure, and salinity. For pure water, density increases as the temperature decreases. Salinity influences this relationship in that the saltier the water, the denser it becomes. Prof. A.Balasubramanian 2. Some of the important atmospheric gases found in seawater include: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide (in the form of bicarbonate HCO 3 ), argon, helium, and neon. The average usually is reported as 1.027 kg/L at 25 degrees-C. Physical properties of water. This page provides tables and a library of computational routines for the thermophysical properties of seawater. The physical properties of seawater-temperature, salinity, pressure, density, and related quantities such as potential density, heat capacity, sound speed, and others-are of fundamental importance to physical oceanography. ionic bonds are broken What is the most common ion in the ocean? Name_ Class/Section_ DUE Date_ Chemical Oceanography - How do plants and animals affect the chemical composition of seawater? The common table salt you use to flavor your food is composed of precisely the same elements. Download "Water as a resource" pdf file. View Chemical Oceanography - Properties of Seawater - Essential Questions - Virtual.pdf from SOCIAL STUDI 101 at Stonewall Jackson High School. What are the three basic physical properties of seawater? Most fresh water has a pH between 6 and 8, apart from acid rains, of course, whose pH is below 7. As compared to other liquids, water has a higher specific heat, thermal conductivity, surface tension, dipole . Temperature influences density. Seawater is essentially alkaline, having a pH of around 8. What is a chemical property of seawater? Seawater is made up mainly of liquid water (about 96.5 percent by weight) in which chloride (Cl) and sodium (Na) are the dominant dissolved chemicals. A toms a. fundamental particles of matter defining the elements b. cannot be broken down into smaller particles using conventional chemical procedures c. examples of some of the major elements comprising living things. How are the properties of seawater interrelated? 3. Pure water, like distilled water, has a pH of 7 (neuter). Bicarbonate ions constitute 48% of river water solutes but only 0.14% for seawater. Seawater temperature, saturation pressure, specific volume, specific heat, electrical conductivity and absolute viscosity. Chemical and physical properties of seawater The six most abundant ions of seawater are chloride (Cl) sodium (Na+) sulfate (SO24) magnesium (Mg2+) calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+). Approximately 3.5 percent of seawater is composed of dissolved compounds, while the other 96.5 percent is pure water. Water quality Water quality is an important aspect on the earth. Salinity is normally quoted in units (parts per . Water is classified into Freshwater, Brackish water, saline water, Brine are the types. Table 3.7 Monthly averages of measured physical and chemical offshore water parameters for the year 2006 in front of the MSS (ADC 2008 ) Understand what make the oceans salty and where the salts come from I. Freezing temperature of seawater is 1.9oC at a salinity of 35 parts per thousand. Seawater has the ions containment which consist of some major ion substances as mentioned above. Density calculated for salinity S = 35000 mg/l. Water has its own physical, chemical and biological properties. This chapter presents the definitions of the principal physical properties of the seawater, including pressure, temperature, salinity , density, density anomaly, specific heat, and thermal. Water can dissolve ions present in soils and rocks. By weight these ions make up about 99 percent of all sea salts. Some other components of seawater are dissolved organic substances, such as carbohydrates and amino acids, and organic-rich particulates. What is water? Water is a colourless and tasteless liquid.
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